The team signed White on Wednesday to provide depth after Correll Buckhalter (back) and Knowshon Moreno (hamstring) were injured on the first day of training camp.
The deal is for two years, a league source told ESPN NFL Insider Adam Schefter.
Moreno is expected to miss the rest of camp, and Buckhalter about a week.
In a somewhat surprising twist, the Broncos released Kolby Smith, the most experienced of their current crop of backup running backs who had received a heavy workload through the first four days of camp.
Before White can suit up for the Broncos in the regular season, though, he has to miss the opening four games for violating the league's substance-abuse policy.
He remains eligible to practice and play in preseason games.
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