This is the third in a series of conversations among leading scientists and scholars about the "Big Questions." at Templeton.com
Here is a sampling from the site.
Yes, if by... "science" we mean the entire enterprise of secular reason and knowledge (including history and philosophy), not just people with test tubes and white lab coats.
Traditionally, a belief in God was attractive because it promised to explain the deepest puzzles about origins. Where did the world come from? What is the basis of life? How can the mind arise from the body? Why should anyone be moral?
- Steven Pinker is the Johnstone Family Professor in the department of psychology at Harvard University. He is the author of seven books, including The Language Instinct, How the Mind Works, The Blank Slate, and most recently, The Stuff of Thought: Language as a Window into Human Nature.
No, and yes. No, as a matter of reason and truth. The knowledge we have gained through modern science makes belief in an Intelligence behind the cosmos more reasonable than ever.
- Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, O.P., is a Dominican friar, the Archbishop of Vienna, Austria, a Member of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith and the Congregation for Education of the Roman Catholic Church, and was lead editor of the Catechism of the Catholic Church.
Absolutely not!
Now that we have scientific explanations for the natural phenomena that mystified our ancestors, many scientists and non-scientists believe that we no longer need to appeal to a supernatural God for explanations of anything, thereby making God obsolete. As for people of faith, many of them believe that science, by offering such explanations, opposes their understanding that the universe is the loving and purposeful creation of God. Because science denies this fundamental belief, they conclude that science is mistaken. These very different points of view share a common conviction: that science and religion are irreconcilable enemies. They are not.
- William D. Phillips, a Nobel Laureate in physics, is a fellow of the Joint Quantum Institute of the University of Maryland and the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Many more here:
http://www.templeton.org/belief/
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I find some of the public responses to be just as poignant, intelligent and compelling as the articles themselves...and, like any good cross-section of humanity, some are pseudo-intellectual or arrogant religious tripe.:lol:
Last edited: May 21, 2008 -
Ohiophinphan Chaplain Staff Member Luxury Box
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DOLPHAN1 Premium Member Luxury Box
wow. that is quite a can of worms you've just opened Mal. i think you are right Ohio. this is subject that needs to be talked about. the notion of "God" is 2000 years old now, much older if taking other religions into account. instead of keeping "God" in that old reverence, maybe we should let "God" grow up too. give "God" a little more credit than we have.
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The Rev Totus Tuus Staff Member Administrator Luxury Box Club Member
Looks like there really is no definite 'yes' or 'no' answer. Everyone has an opinion. :yes:
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I don't think that will ever be the case.
I like to think of science as the study of finding out how god works or how Einstien said, "How good thinks." -
Ohiophinphan Chaplain Staff Member Luxury Box
To mix philosophy with science and then mix in religion and you get the conundrum of trying to either "prove" a matter of faith or disprove the existence of something inherantly unknowable in totality. Neither side can "prove" their position in the classic sense of a proof.
No, the discussion is where the "truth" of the question is/will be found. The earliest of the written Hebrew scriptures is likely Exodus 15:21, the Song of Miriam. It dates back over 3500 years. Their "experiance" with God is radically different than mine and yet to my understanding it is the same God. Geology, archeology, and other scientific disciplines have cast new insights on the story and they have the capacity to illumine the "event" from a variety of directions.
Give me the rough and tumble of honest, sincere, respectful dialog anytime! -
For me it seems difficult to take a literal translation of the Bible if one believes in science and philosophy in the way discussed in the first example. I dont think that means that God is obsolete, but the Bible certainly becomes suspect.
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There's probably not a majority of people who would believe that only bits and pieces are true and vice versa. (I could be dead wrong there)
I'd be interested to know what the Christians on this board think of this notion. Has science disproved some of the things the Bible tells us? Or is at all fact regardless of what we've learned in the last 2000 years? -
Ohiophinphan Chaplain Staff Member Luxury Box
For me the Bible isn't suspect but certainly "easy" readings of it which do not take into account context, history, and all the problems inherant in written/spoken language will always be suspect!
It is said that when Queen Anne inspected the "new" St. Paul's Cathedral in London she told its archtect, Christopher Wren, it was artifical, awful, and amusing. Today we would be devastated because those would be insults today. Wren was delighted however because in his day artifical meant full of artistic wonder, awful meant awe inspiring, and amusing meant amazing. Such is the power that history, context, and a deep understanding of language have to illuminate a sacred text.
For me that history, context, and linguistic information are often the results of scientific inquiry. -
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Whether science leaves room for God depends on how big your definition of God is.
Science leaves little room for small, anthropomorphic gods who intervene via clumsy deus-ex-machina miracles, but still leaves plenty of room for gods big and smart enough to have created this universe with everything in place to unwind just the way They wanted it to.Ohiophinphan likes this. -
DOLPHAN1 Premium Member Luxury Box
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Thanks for making a very good point. Mind if I ask you a question? Since you are talking about literal and metaphorical interpretations, I'd like to know what you make of the biblical fall of man and its symbolical meaning. I've always found that passage of the Bible most telling (I'm not a believer, by the way). You have God forbidding man to eat from the Tree of Knowledge (why? isn't knowledge a good thing?) and subsequently you have man realizing his own nakedness, constituting a fundamental instance of self-awareness. Why would that be "The Fall"? What's so bad about man knowing and being aware of himself? Essentially, that passage of the Bible condemns man for being man which I find a rather peculiar idea of man, considering that God's creation is supposed to be inherently good and right.Ohiophinphan likes this. -
Ohiophinphan Chaplain Staff Member Luxury Box
We believe that God created us in order to freely praise and worship Him, as is His right as creator. For that to be free the ability to resist had to be part of the equation. That is the fall, the refusal to be what we were created to be.
As an aside, it is interesting that in that passage there is also referenced another tree, the tree of life, which they do not attempt to eat from. I have always wondered if that wasn't to tell us that we are not only sinners but that we aren't even good at that! We could have had immortality and instead sewed fig leaves.Last edited: May 19, 2008Vendigo likes this. -
Ohiophinphan Chaplain Staff Member Luxury Box
Now that said, the way we who study scripture "decide" what it says is in community. That is not to say that someone can't stand alone, but then the weight of argument falls to the person holding the new or different position. In many ways it is similar to publishing scientific papers in peer review journals. Biblical scholars, theologians, and Church Histiorians all use a peer review publishing system as well.
I get together with 6-20 colleagues each Thursday to examine the texts for ten days hence to try and answer some of those questions. -
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Ohiophinphan Chaplain Staff Member Luxury Box
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Science by itself is not incompatible with religion. The trouble comes in when the enemies of religion attempt to use science as a means to bludgeon religion.
Religion tells us that God created all. Science describes those creations. There is nothing incompatible there.mf52dolphin, The Rev, Ohiophinphan and 2 others like this. -
I'm not sure I see the causal connection. In my understanding, there's quite a bit of a semantic difference between being able to differentiate between good and evil and attempting a coup or trying to become like God. Especially if we take into account what man actually realized when he ate from the tree; I'm don't see becoming aware of our nakedness constituting a fundamental realization of the nature of good and evil.
As an aside, Luther translates the tree as "Baum der Erkenntnis" which in German has a somewhat different connotation than the English term "knowledge". "Erkenntnis" isn't actually the state of knowing or being aware of something but the fundamental process of ontology. To me, that appears to be more in line - metaphorically speaking - with what the Bible tells us: We aren't sinners because we disobeyed or tried to become God; we are sinners because we conceived reality. That's why I brought up the subject in this debate of science versus religion, because the Bible metaphorically tells us that man isn't supposed to comprehend. The very act of trying to understand ourselves or our reality constitutes a turning away from God (the mother of all sins, so to speak) and I find that a rather bleak and misanthropic idea of man, one that's not really in line with the idea of God.
Another very interesting point. But let me play the devil's advocate for a minute: If we're Frankenstein's monster ... doesn't that make God Frankenstein? Or to put it differently: I don't see how the idea of God as a vain creator who brings man into being to praise and worship Him fits with the idea of God as an inherently good and sinless entity.
You probably know the Bible a lot better than I do but didn't we already have immortality by that point? Didn't God only make us mortal after he cast us out? That would render eating from that tree rather pointless. But maybe I got some things confused here.Fin D likes this. -
Actually, Luther's translation probably was. He didn't quite meet the same "scientific" standards of the King James Bible but it's a popular historic misconception that Luther translated the Bible alone. In reality, he worked together with quite a lot of esteemed theologians of that time. It's a bit of a pity that almost none of them is widely known nowadays, not even in Germany. -
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Ohiophinphan Chaplain Staff Member Luxury Box
The KJV is a vital step in the Protestant Reformation in England. It cemented many of the moves begun earlier. The KJV's language today, Elixabethian English, is difficult to read. A number of verb forms found in it are no longer used. In addition some words have changed their meaning in English usage over the years. I don't recommend reading a KJV to folks unless they are well versed in language. There are better examples of contemporary English available.RevRick likes this. -
Ohiophinphan Chaplain Staff Member Luxury Box
The "tree of the knowledge of good and evil" is an idiom. It renders a phrase from Hebrew whcih as you describe has a richer, more shaded meaning. The scholars translating the KJV chose what they did and it has become such a part of the language no major translation since has changed it. The temptation by the serpant is that "you will be [as or like] God" which is where the root of meaning comes from in the passage not the description of the tree.
Our immortality was lost in the fall and could have been retained by eating of the other tree before we were cast out. -
Ohiophinphan Chaplain Staff Member Luxury Box
I need to learn how to use the multi-quote function.
To Vendigo, you likely have a greater grasp of German history than do I so I will defer to you. The story we get in English is of Luther's initial translation as a virtually solo effort while he was in the Wartburg Castle. Then after he returned to Wittenberg, that first work and the completion of the Bible was largely his prose though aided and reviewed by many, especially Phillip Melancthon. This would make it more similar to Tyndale's work in English than the committee structure of the KJV. No? Are you taught differently?
To Dolphan1. Constantine's calling of the great councils was the signature event in earlier Christian history. The creeds developed there and the agreement on canon, begun earlier and codified there, are seminal in early Christian thought. Western Christianity as well as the earlier Eastern Orthodox branch still consider the work of those councils as normative. The communities of faith were beginning the weeding out process and I have always contended that creeds predate canon, that is the creeds, once agreed upon, caused people to go and look at the books claimed as divine and considered them in that new light. Many thus didn't make the cut.
As an aside, I always get a chuckle out of folks talking about "lost" books of the Bible. They weren't lost, they were discarded!
Actually the work of Jerome in creating the Vulgate and it being approved as the normative Latin text in the west would be an even better example regarding translations.Last edited: May 20, 2008DOLPHAN1 likes this. -
Yes and no. Initially, Luther did indeed work alone on the New Testament. After that, his translation of the Old Testament (and the subsequent editing of his first translation) was pretty much a joint effort with, amongst others, Melanchton. The thing is that the Luther Bible, as we know it today, probably bears a lot more resemblance to the work he did with his fellow theologians than it does to the work he did himself in those famous 11 months - for example, he had access to a lot more source material in later years when his "revised"
translation of the New and Old Testament together was published in the 1530s. As to the prose ... as far as I know (it's been a while since I last tackled that subject so there may be new scientific knowledge I'm not aware about) it's considered to be Luthers prose but when it comes to the actual translations it's hard to pinpoint exactly whose they are.
You are, of course, right that this isn't anywhere near the commitee approach of the KJB but I was referring to the "peer review" statement first and foremost. Luther's translation underwent rather extensive peer review.Ohiophinphan likes this. -
Ohiophinphan Chaplain Staff Member Luxury Box
btw, do you live near the Luther sites in Saxony? Was just there in October, beautiful country!Vendigo likes this. -
Nope, I live in the Frankfurt area. But I've been to the sites a couple of times now (a good friend of mine lives in Saxony) and it's gorgous. A bit too rural for my taste but well worth a visit. If you happen to be in the area again, let me know and we can have a coffee or beer together. -
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I think it's more a problem of rationalizing faith. Science is about rationality while religion is inherently about irrationality. A scientific finding cannot contradict a religious belief any more than a religious idea can contradict science. The problems arise when you try to mingle both and come up with a scientific religion which constitutes an oxymoron in itself. I'm really at a loss as to why people would attempt to prove or disprove faith ... it's per definition impossible and pointless. I'm not a believer but if I were, I certainly wouldn't be scared by a seemingly contradictory scientific finding. Why would I? How can a rational thing contradict an irrational idea? I tend to believe that humanity is largly and inherently decent. I'm not going to stop believing that because Hitler or my ancestors did what they did. There's so much hard evidence that humanity is anything but decent. I'm chosing to believe otherwise nevertheless. It's irrational and that's fine with me.gafinfan, Ohiophinphan and DOLPHAN1 like this. -
I will say "no" the two are not incompatable, Science is chasing God, God is not chasing science, the work is already completed, now science is trying to piece together what happened, Science as the study of and interaction with is not the instigator of creativity, that would be a natural part of mankind being made in God's image.
Ohiophinfan:
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DOLPHAN1 Premium Member Luxury Box
i don't see it. through translations, editing, further translations and diversions we have several different documents, all with slightly different paths to take. all stemming from one source. all believed by their followers to be the truth. i'm not so sure the message is clear any more. -
The point of science is indeed objectivity, but with the "global warming, oh wait that's not getting traction, okay climate change" issue, science is increasingly losing objectivity in favor of politicization.
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